Katherine Mansfield Essays - Bisexual Women, Fourth Way,

Katherine Mansfield Katherine Mansfield Katherine Mansfield, who lived from 1888 to 1923, is considered to be one of the most remarkable short story writers of her time. Using her life experiences as an inspiration for her short stories, Mansfield sculpted her ideas into masterful pieces of literary work. Mansfield's life was full of interesting experiences that shaped her outlook upon life. The diversity of friends and acquaintances Katherine Mansfield had over her lifetime also had a great influence on her career. Even as a child, Mansfield made decisions about her life that would create a path for her career to start on. Katherine Mansfield was born Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp to Harold and Annie Dyer Beauchamp on October 14, 1888. The Beauchamp family called New Zealand their home. A Sea Voyage, written by the young Kathleen Beauchamp, won first-place at the Karori Village School, the grammar school she first attended (Nathan 1). This accomplishment encouraged young Beauchamp to continue on writing. After attending grammar school, Kathleen went on to attend Miss Swainson's Secondary School. During this time, she is acquainted with Maata Mahupuka, a native Maori. Her interest in Mahupuka later grew into a brief love affair with him (Nathan 1). After graduating from secondary school, Miss Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp left New Zealand. She decided this after thwarting the idea of a career in music. Beauchamp went on to attend London's Queens College and study literature. While in attendance at Queens College, Kathleen made a friend in Ida Baker. Ida Baker, like Beauchamp, was an avid writer. Kathleen gave the pen name Lesley Moore to Ida, after Beauchamp's brother Lesley (Sampson 308). In the spring of 1907, Miss Beauchamp held in garden party and invited many of her acquaintances from college. The party was a complete success until it was discovered that a cottager who lived on the property had been accidentally killed (Nathan 1). This event spawned to become The Garden Party, Beauchamp's first major work (Encarta). In 1909, Kathleen Beauchamp became acquainted with a man by the name of G. C. Bowden. After only a brief period they became engaged and married. The evening after their marriage, Kathleen left Bowden (Disc. Authors 1). Leaving Bowden, she ran away with her longtime friend Garnet Trowell. Trowell was from Wellington; she was a fairly well known cellist. While running away with Garnet Trowell, Kathleen had an affair with a man who ultimately impregnates her. When Kathleen finally discovered this pregnancy, she returned to her mother for support. Trying to remove Kathleen from the distractions of everyday life, Kathleen's mother took her to Bad Worishofen, Bavaria to await the pregnancy (Nathan 1). In June of 1909, Kathleen had a miscarriage. While awaiting the birth of her child, Kathleen wrote stories and drew sketches related to her experiences of Bavaria (Disc. Authors 1). She wrote most of her work in her room at the Hotel Kreuzer (Nathan 1). After battling through difficult times, Beauchamp made many changes in her life. Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp began using the name Katherine Mansfield exclusively starting in 1910 (Nathan 1). Steven Swift, a fairly well known publisher at the time, published the first copies of Mansfield's In a German Pension (Baugh 287). It was originally advertised as a six-schilling novel (Baugh 287). Only a short time after the initial publication, Swift added the work onto his list of Books that Compel (Sampson 308). During this time, Katherine Mansfield made an acquaintance with an important person. J. Middleton Murry was the editor of Rhyme magazine. Katherine met Murry for the first time when he was twenty-two while working in the same town (Nathan 1). J. Middleton Murry and Katherine Mansfield became closer and their personal relationship grew. Eventually, Murry moved in with Katherine at her London apartment and they soon became lovers. John Middleton Murry and Katherine Beauchamp Mansfield were married on May 3, 1918. This move was made in an act of convenience as well as love, considering Murry was an editor of a magazine that also published short stories. After her marriage to Murry in May of 1918, Katherine went right back to work. In August of the same year, she published the short story Bliss in the English Review (Nathan 1). In

How is Thomasina presented by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what methods and techniques does he use Essays

How is Thomasina presented by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what methods and techniques does he use Essays How is Thomasina presented by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what methods and techniques does he use Paper How is Thomasina presented by Stoppard in Arcadia, and what methods and techniques does he use Paper Essay Topic: Literature In Arcadia, Tom Stoppard uses many different techniques and methods to affect our opinion of Thomasina, one of the main characters in the play. Many of these techniques are successful, as by the end of the play the majority of the audience will have formed a strong opinion of Thomasina. The opening few lines that she speaks in the play are all questions; immediately this gives a good first impression as the audience can see that Thomasina is not afraid to be inquisitive. She asks, Septimus, what is carnal embrace? We can then see that she is not satisfied with the answer she is given, leading her to ask, Is that all? This gives the impression that she is very clever and not afraid to ask questions of her elders. In the first scene, this creates a favourable opinion as the audience can sense that Thomasina will be an interesting character to have in the play. We are also given the slight idea by Stoppard that Thomasina does not ask the questions entirely in innocence, and has perhaps simply asked them to make Septimus nervous. This again makes the audience feel that she is very intelligent. It also creates ambiguity around the character for the audience as they are curious to Thomasinas true personality. The audience is clearly shown Thomasinas intelligence throughout the play; she constructs her arguments as well (sometimes better) as any adults around her or those that we see in the future. When asked what she knows of carnal embrace (having brought the subject up to deflect attention from Septimus), she replies: Everything, thanks to Septimus. In my opinion, Mr Noakess scheme for the garden is perfect. It is a Salvator! This method of deflection of attention onto her by Thomasina is extremely clever, as she senses the trouble Septimus has got himself into and quickly takes control of the situation. By saying more than one point that she can be questioned on, (both Everything, thanks to Septimus, and It is a Salvator! ), she gives Septimus time to think of an explanation. This is because the audience can then see that the adults in the scene are trying to follow Thomasinas diversion of the conversation. Both Lady Croom and Mr Noakes become confused, highlighting Thomasinas clear intelligence over them to the audience. Her intelligence and knowledge also makes the audience feel inferior to Thomasina, as there are points in the play when it is hard for us to understand exactly what she means. The audience also warms to Thomasina more because of this, as she has helped Septimus out. Also, as it the line almost lands Septimus in a lot of trouble, the audience begins to wonder about her motives again, this creates curiosity around the character and we find her more interesting. Although for much of the play the audience could feel inferior to Thomasina, there are also times in the play when the audience is made to feel other emotions towards her, which make us feel superior. In the opening scene, Lady Croom asks Thomasina How old are you this morning? This line from Lady Croom demonstrates to the audience that she clearly does not spend any time with her daughter, so little that she does not even know her age. She also asks her age again later on in the play. This discovery makes the audience feel sorry for Thomasina, as we are led to believe she has had little affection shown towards her in her life. Members of the audience are most likely to be sympathetic with her as opposed to looking down on her because of it this is because we begin to understand how she might be feeling. When Thomasina and Septimus are talking of Cleopatra, the audience also finds out that Thomasina is very sceptical about love in general. She says: It only needs a Roman general to drop anchor outside the window and away goes the Emperor like a christening mug into a pawn shop. This line appears to be said with a bitter tone of voice. As the line in general is based on the concept of love, this makes the audience feel quite sad, as Thomasina is so young and would perhaps feel that someone as young as she is should not be so bitter. It also gives the impression again that she has not seen a lot of love, both around her and towards her in her life. This would have been common in rich families in the 19th century, with many wealthy mothers having too many social engagements to permanently take care of any children. The audience also feels sorry for her when Septimus cons her into translating a very difficult piece of Latin. We see her struggle with the translations, and end up with something that does not flow very well. As this is the first time in the play when we see her intellectually struggling with something, it is one of the first real moments when we do not feel inferior. In this way she becomes more of a natural character to the audience as it is more child-like. However, upon being shown in the play that she has been tricked by Septimus, the audience immediately feels sorry for her. This is a clever method by Stoppard to make the audience pity Thomasina, and perhaps relate to her more. The power struggle between Septimus and Thomasina is ongoing throughout the play, and the audience can see that there has been no real winner in it so far. Thomasina calls Septimus a Cheat! several times in quick succession, and she is incredibly angry with him. This fact that she is so visibly upset makes it clear to the audience that she is disappointed disappointed that Septimus would result to such low methods to get the power back. We then feel sorry for Thomasina, as Septimus is probably the person that the audience sees her closest to in the play, having seen that she receives little attention from her family. It is also the first time that we have seen her quite so vulnerable and one of the few times in the entire play that she shows such strong emotion towards anyone. Many children in those times would have had tutors, but it probably would have been rare for the relationship between them to be so close. As she reacts so fiercely to Septimus actions, in a way it undermines her previous speech on the downfalls of love the outburst of emotion perhaps gives the audience the impression that she was indeed putting on a front in earlier scenes. Again, this makes the audience feel sympathy towards Thomasina as it helps us to realise how lonely she is. The relationship between Thomasina and Septimus is in complete contrast to the one between Bernard and Chloe Thomasina and Septimus have many intellectual conversations and seem to enjoy each others company. There also seems to be more respect between them. Having two pairs of people in the different time periods shows the differences in the times i. e. that there was much more formality and politeness in the earlier times. The conversation is also more contrasted, mainly in that Bernard and Chloe talk more about their personal lives with each other than Septimus and Thomasina do. I think that this shows that people in modern times are much less reserved than they used to be, and are more prepared to talk about feelings etc. It also illustrates that perhaps it was not usual to discuss personal lives at all let alone with people that are not family members. This might seem to the audience today as a strange occurrence, and might be perceived as very private behaviour, when in actual fact it was very common and all conversation was very reserved. Thomasina as a character is also used by Stoppard to create a lot of the humour in the play, both indirectly and directly. A large source of the humour is her conversation and argument with Septimus. She argues with Septimus over natural equations, leading to the line Armed thus, God could only make a cabinet. This produces humour in the scene, and the audience is again impressed that she can understand this concept fully enough to makes jokes on the subject. The humour comes from the fact that she has managed to undermine her tutors argument with one simple witty line. Quite a large proportion of the humour comes from Thomasinas intelligence and wit. During the play, there is much technical conversation about maths and science, both from the older characters and the modern ones. The humour that comes from Thomasinas intelligence helps to lighten the tone of various scenes in the play. For example, in an early scene, Thomasina and Septimus are discussing free will. The language that is used in the technical conversation could feasibly make it hard for the majority of the audience to follow therefore making the tone of the scene serious. However, Thomasina then announces Oh! I see now! The answer is perfectly obvious! As the conversation has previously been so puzzling, the way she decides she knows the answer is humorous to the audience. Added to this, the facial expression of Septimus would be quite shocked that Thomasina knows the answer, again bringing humour to the scene. In this way, Stoppard ensures that the audience likes Thomasina as a character and a person for comedy value if nothing else. The witty lines she brings to the play also ensures any audiences do not see her as a boring character they give the character of Thomasina more depth. A main technique of presenting Thomasina to the audience is by using the other characters in the play, from the old and modern scenes. A part of this is by having the character of Chloe in the modern time, who is both a contrasting and a similar character to Thomasina. Chloe is a much more aggressive, modern style character who uses far less informal language than Thomasina does during the play. She also seems less innocent than Thomasina. For example, Chloe says, If you dont want him, Ill have him. Is he married? This is a suggestive thing to say a direct contrast to Thomasinas opening line What is carnal embrace? Having this contrast with the more direct Chloe makes Thomasina seem much more naive, which again gives the audience the feeling of superiority. An audience is more likely to relate to a character that they do not feel inferior to so this is a clever method of Stoppards to push the audience into liking Thomasina. However, both characters are curious and inquisitive, asking the question Do you think Im the first person to think of this? I think that this illustrates that both Thomasina and Chloe have new ideas and are not afraid to be different. As Chloe is more of an outgoing character than Thomasina, this might make audiences subconsciously think of Thomasina as more entertaining also. The differences in time and tradition in the play become more apparent as the play continues we see similarities and differences between various characters. The biggest obvious contrast is the behaviour of the characters, as in the earlier time they are much more polite to one another and use more formal language. This is why Chloe has such a large effect on the perception of Thomasina Chloe uses slang terms occasionally and swears, whereas Thomasina is very polite and it is clear to see a lot of emphasis was put on manners in that time. These differences help the audience to see Thomasina as more innocent compared to both Chloes time and the time in which they are watching they play. The audience also would like her more because of it the language differences put Thomasina in a favourable light compared to many children her age today, also. Audience reactions today would also be different than in previous times, for example a girl enjoying maths and science is not unusual today and would not be much of a shock, but in the time of Thomasina it would have been considered strange (shown by the reactions of Lady Croom). The reactions of characters in earlier time periods are contrasting in points in the play, and this creates interest for the current audience as we are curious to see why these opinions are so. Another character that has a large effect on how we see Thomasina is Septimus, her tutor. The power struggle and arguments between them both have a large effect on how the audience views Thomasina. The relationship between them also has an effect on this. At the start of the play, they are sat down in a formal manner, introduced as tutor and pupil, and an audience might expect the relationship to be that way. However, there are many short, sharp exchanges between them in the play, such as this one: Thomasina: You did not like my discovery? Septimus: A fancy is not a discovery. Thomasina: A gibe is not a rebuttal. This exchange shows off how sharp they both are, but it also illustrates how intelligent Thomasina must be to keep up and even surpass his arguments. Audiences therefore respect her for realising she is clever enough to argue with him. At stages during the play, we see how Thomasina tries to impress Septimus and often tries to get his attention. For example, mid-way through the play she suddenly states, Mama is in love with Lord Byron. This would seem a shameless attempt to get Septimus to take interest in her, as he is engrossed in a book. However, I do not think audiences would see it as a spoilt thing to do many people would realise that Thomasina is just lonely as she has had little attention from her parents. Using Septimus as a friend to Thomasina is a clever technique by Stoppard to involve the audience and compel them to pity Thomasina. Within the earlier scenes in the play, Thomasinas intellect and wit mean that the audience sees her as a very mature character, and perhaps do not see her acting as if she is a young teenager. Therefore when she uses language that the audience might have expected her to use before the play began it seems as if she is being overly childish. At a few points during the play, we see Thomasina use word and phrases such as: Eurghhh! Oh, goody and Oh, phooey. These lines in the play are such a contrast to her usual scientific terms that the audience sees them as very childish perhaps endearing her further to the audience as it means that her language is, for once, inferior to that of an adult. By presenting Thomasina as a mature person, Stoppard creates an image of her that the audience can like both with the childish and the advanced language. Thomasina is also a contrasting type of person to the majority of modern teenagers; her language, hobbies, and manner are all of a very different style than they would be today. She is much more innocent than teenagers today are perceived, and this could also make her more endearing to modern-day audiences. The childish language she sometimes uses, such as Pooh! again illustrates this, as it is very un-aggressive and innocent compared to much of the language used today. As through the majority of the play the audience sees Thomasina as very intellectual and scientific, it is quite a dramatic change later on when she suddenly becomes more outgoing. In a later scene when Thomasina is older, she is fixated on learning to dance, and one of her speeches about it is: I must waltz, Septimus! I will be despised if I do not waltz! It is the most fashionable and gayest and boldest invention conceivable started in Germany! This speech from Thomasina is extremely unlike her way of speaking it is filled with superlatives (gayest, boldest etc) which it itself is not too unusual, unless it is combined with the fact she is talking about dancing and it becomes strange as previously she has not cared for that sort of thing. She also calls dancing an invention which is bizarre coming from Thomasina, who the audience knows is a scientific type of character and person. The audience is able to sense that she is trying to be different but are unsure of the reason this is a clever technique of Stoppards to get the audience feeling more involved in the play. Because of this new side to her, the audience also become fonder of Thomasina as a character and a person, as she suddenly gains more dimensions as a character. It is a subtle technique by the playwright of adapting the main opinion the audience has of Thomasina which is important as by this stage we are reaching the end of the play. It is also a complete contrast to her earlier speech about Cleopatra and love which again shows the change in her personality in the play. One major factor of the play that greatly affects how the audience perceives Thomasina is the fact that the whole play is set in two different time periods. With the more modern characters attempting to find out about Thomasina, the audience is indirectly told pieces of information about her and the entire household. When we are informed that Thomasina was entirely correct about the mathematical method that she was working on, and that It hasnt been around for much longer than, well, call it twenty years, and that its publishable the audience realises that Thomasina really was a genius and could have been famous as she had wished. This is ironic as in a way she was put down by Septimus for attempting the equations. Audience reaction to this would be split; part of them would feel sad that Thomasina was right all along, but this fact could also be perceived as satisfying for the audience. Having the modern characters in the play enables the audience to find out additional information, and so feel closer to the characters and more involved in the later stages of the play. The two time periods also drastically affect how we see the ending of the play, and how we perceive Thomasina towards the end of it. As we find out about Thomasinas death indirectly through the modern characters, it builds up further sadness for the audience than it otherwise might have done. Valentine says Oh the girl who died in the fire! We are also told she was dead before she had time to be famous. As the characters in the modern day did not know Thomasina, they state that she has died very bluntly. Using the word girl shows to the audience that now she is just another person that lived a long time ago, i. e. emphasising that there is nothing special about her. It is also a very casual word, showing that the modern characters do not really care about her death and have no reason to. This shocks the audience as we did not expect this to happen, and gives the impression of one person being very insignificant in the overall scale of time. This creates even further pity for Thomasina in the final stages of the play, as the audience knows what will happen to her. It also saddens the audience somewhat as we felt close to Thomasina in the earlier stages of the play. Telling us the outcome of the play before it reaches it is a subtle technique by Tom Stoppard of affecting the audiences final opinion of Thomasina. The overall ending of the play creates a lot of emotion around and about Thomasina, as the audience already knows what is going to happen. Thomasina is adamant that Septimus will teach her how to waltz. It is the first time during the play that we see Thomasina do anything rebellious or remotely outgoing. The candle is specifically mentioned in the scene, Septimus warns her Be careful with the flame. This increases the sadness for the audience as we know she dies in the fire, and is a clever technique of Stoppards to make the audience remember what will happen. However, in this scene we last see Thomasina happy as she has learnt to waltz as she wished. I think this scene is generated the way it is by Stoppard to ensure that the audience remembers Thomasina as a character with lots of depth. We also feel a lot of sadness for and towards her as we have seen Thomasina grow up. As she managed to fulfil her ambition to learn to waltz, however, it also has a slightly happy undertone as she would have died after doing something she wanted. The change that Thomasina undergoes throughout the play ensures that the audience can relate to her much more than might have been though at the beginning of the play. I think Stoppard would have planned this change in her character from the start so that he could manipulate the audience into really becoming fond of the one of the main characters in the play. The success of the play, in part, will depend on how the audience views Thomasina, and this is why the techniques Stoppard uses to present her to the audience are so important.

Causes of World War 2

Out of all the wars that the world has gone through, none has been more devastating as world war II. But what caused this war? Well, world war II had six major causes: anger over the Versailles Treaty, the failure of peace efforts after world war I, the rise of Fascism, the goals of Hitler, the isolationism by America and Britain, and the re-armament of Europe. This paper will go over each of these causes individually and then draw some conclusions about world war II. Plagiarism Detection >The first cause of world war II was the intense anger over the Versailles Treaty. Germany was very angry over two things and the first of which was the many territorial losses they had to endure as a result of the treaty. They lost two cities on the French-German border and as per Wilsons thirteenth point Poland was re-formed with access to the Baltic Sea, which went right through Germany. Giving Poland Sea access split Germany into two parts, the main part of Germany, and a small portion to the No rth of the Danzig corridor. The Danzig corridor really inflamed Germany for many years, but they really could not do anything about the situation because they lost world war I. Another country that was angry over the Versailles Treaty was Italy. They were angry because they thought that the land that they had received as a payment for their participation in the Allied effort against Germany did not offset the cost of the war, nor did it satisfy their ambitions to grow. The final country that was angry over the Versailles Treaty was Japan. They were also a victor over Germany and they wanted to gain control over China as reward for their participation in the war. This, however, did not happen and they were angry over the situation.The second cause of world war II was the failure of the many peace efforts that occurred after world war I. The League of Nations, which was one of Wilsons fourteen points and part of the Versailles Treaty, was a forum in which nations could settle their di sputes with one another. The problem was that the League did not have any real power. The only thing it could do was try to persuade the offending nation to concede and if that did not work out they could impose economic sanctions on that country. But the league had so little power that the sanctions it passed were normally ignored and it could do nothing from that point on. Another failed peace effort was the Washington Conference. At this conference the principal naval powers agreed to limit their navies according to a fixed ratio. But again none of the powers really went through with their agreement. Yet another failed peace effort was the Locarno Conference. This conference produced a treaty between France and Germany stating that the border between the two countries was guaranteed. However, we know that this treaty failed because Germany invaded France during world war II. The final failed peace effort was the Paris Peace Act. At this conference all of the major countries, excl uding Russia, and many smaller countries agreed that war was not a national policy and stated that they would try to resolve problems through diplomatic means. The only way that war was acceptable in this act was by means of self-defense. These did not directly cause world war II, but they made it possible by their obvious lack of power. Countries still did not trust each other enough to follow through with the good ideas that they had.The third cause of world war II was the rise of Fascism. Fascism was a movement that began before world war I, but did not become a serious political power until Benito Mussolini took control of the Italian government in 1922. Under Mussolini Italy became a Totalitarian government where labor unions were abolished and political opponents were killed or silenced. This caused many things to happen to Italys social and economic problems. The first of these problems was the lowered living standard of the Italian people. The people lost their eight hour wo rk day protection and their wages were lowered by the government. Mussolini acknowledged that the living standard had gone down, but explained it by saying that the Italian people were not used to eating much anyway, so they would not feel the lack of food as badly as others. Another thing the Fascist government caused was an increased birthrate in Italy. Mussolini wanted women to have more children so that he could create a larger army in the future. In this way he felt that he could have a large army by the time he was ready to go to war for more land. Mussolini used tactics much like the communists in that he had total control over all of the Italian population and could have people killed whenever he wanted. Italy, however, was not the only country to fall under Fascism. Germany adopted this form of government only it was called national socialism. Its leader was Adolf Hitler and it called itself the Nazi party. The Nazi party differed slightly from Mussolinis government in that the Nazis were more racist and believed that it was their destiny to make the world subject to the perfect German people. They were particularly hateful to the Jewish people, which was proven after they started to exterminate all of the Jews within central Europe after world war II started. These events did not directly cause world war II, but they brought us to the brink of war. People that listened to these dictators believed that these men could bring them to world domination.The fourth cause of world war II was the goals of the German dictator, Hitler. He had a vision of the German people becoming a master race and dominating the entire world, but he also knew that he could not achieve all this during the war he intended to start. He, however, had two major goals which was to bring all of central Europe together and form a larger Germany and to create more room for Germany to grow by taking over Poland. His first move was to test the other European powers by inserting troops in to Germanys coal mining area next to France. This was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles and Hitler wanted to see how far he could push his adversaries before they would strike back. If Britain had not been so passive to Hitler they might have stopped this war before it ever started. They, however, allowed Hitler to do this because they did not want to start another war. Hitler then pushed the European powers further and further until he invaded Poland and Europe had no choice but to react.The fifth cause of world war II was American and British isolationism. After world war I America turned away from Europe and went back to its domestic problems. The American people did not want anything to do with European affairs because many of the debts that were accrued during the war were not being paid and Americans were very bitter. Britain also turned to its domestic problems and did not want to interfere in Continental Europes problems. If one or both of these countries had attempted t o stop Hitler when he first came into power he probably would have been thrown out of office and world war II might have been prevented. Plagiarism Detection >The final cause of world war II was a direct result from all of the previous causes, and that is the rearmament of all the European powers. Tensions started to increase as Hitler tested the European powers and most if not all countries began to increase their armies and navies. This brought war closer because it meant that the government leaders were prepared to use force to resolve the problems that Hitler was causing, and it raised tensions even higher than they already were.In conclusion, world war II was not an extension of world war I, but world war I was a big cause of world war II. Most of the causes of world war II came out of the Treaty of Versailles, and if that treaty had been better there might not have been world war II. Nevertheless, world war II happened and we can only learn from the mistakes we see from the pa st.

WSJ.com only Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

WSJ.com only - Essay Example Most companies intended to increase their capital expenditures in order to enhance their efficiency and to improve logistic needs, which are very essential to the growth of any company. Recession is one of the most challenging concepts in finance and economics. Scott presents a succinct explanation on how recession impacted US companies and the entire US economy. Reading and analysing financial articles especially with regards to figures are quite challenging. One thing I find difficult and challenging in this article is the use of figures and graphs. Most of the graphs and figures on the performance of the companies and the entire economy is complex. Scott also says that most US companies survived recession, created jobs and contributed to the economic growth but at the same time stating that US jobs reduced and levels of unemployment went high. The analysis is also not clear given that most companies, which collapsed were not included in the

Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Political Science - Essay Example But this rise was not unending. After huge growth in the 1980s, Japan suffered a terrible â€Å"lost decade† during the 1990s, beginning with the world recession in 1990-92. Why was the recession so especially painful for Japan? Why did it extend for almost a full decade, causing so many lost economic opportunities? And perhaps more importantly, what can the United States and the global economy, currently mired in a serious recession, learn from this period of economic doldrums in Japan? This essay will try to get to the bottom of these important and timely questions. In the decade before the long drawn out recession of the 1990s, Japan experienced unprecedented growth. Its flagship industries—electronics and automobiles—were taking over the world. These companies had an impressive reputation of high quality and reliability and were dominating their markets. American automobile makers were taken aback; American electronic companies were being bought up. Because of savings programs implemented by the government and tariffs against investing in foreign companies, there was a lot of money in Japan available to invest in Japanese companies and other investments. The government was trying to depreciate the yen, which had soared in value in the previous years. In order to do this, they dramatically eased monetary policy and increased spending. This economic stimulus led to a lot more money in the marketplace. Many economists believe that this situation led to an asset bubble in the late 1980s—similar to what happened in the United States over the last few years. Real estate and art, for example, rapidly appreciated. As an example of how extreme this bubble became: in the late 1980s it is said that the land in downtown Tokyo occupied by the Imperial Palace (about 3.5 square kilometres) was valued at more than all of the real estate in

Violence Show on TV Essay Example for Free

Violence Show on TV Essay A lot of people believe the amount of violence shown on TV and in the cinema affects the actions of our young people and therefore increases the amount of violence in our society today. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? What can be done to reduce violence in our society today? A matter of considerable controversy at present is the issue of whether young peoples actions are influenced by the amount of violence which appears on TV and in the cinema or not. From my own prospective, I believe that violence in our today society has increased due to TVs and cinema. It cannot be argued that young people immitate what they see on TVs. Eversince every home has at least one LCD, plasma or a normal TV, youngsters behaviour has radically changed: they find themselves in what they see on screen, they have models and follow them. Even if it is not a scientific proven fact, it is obvious that aggressive scenes and plots which appear in movies and talkshows encourage them to adopt a violent behaviour. Doing what they see on TV retains an image of satisfaction among young people, making aggression an habit for those still in the process of moulding themselves into what they want to be. One way to combat the problem of violence in our society today would be for the government to censor the movies and TV shows. Even if they are not allowed to watch horror and thriller movies, teenagers under 18 still get the change to do it. By introducing censorship and cutting the violence scenes, I believe young people would not be encouraged to behave violently and disruptively. It would, therefore, be impossible for them to follow this example of being aggressive. To sum up, from what has been written above, I can safely draw the conclusion that the amount of violence seen on TV and in cinema increases the fights, clashes and disruptive behaviour in our society. However, this issue can be tackled by inforcing laws in order to censor every scene which can have a bad impact on peoples behaviour.

Vanity Fair :: Essays Papers

Vanity Fair Vanity Fair, though it does not include the whole extent of Thackeray's genius, is the most vigorous exhibition of its leading characteristics. In freshness of feeling, elasticity of movement, and unity of aim, it is favorably distinguished from its successors, which too often give the impression of being composed of successive accumulations of incidents and persons, that drift into the story on no principle of artistic selection and combination. The style, while it has the raciness of individual peculiarity and the careless case of familiar gossip, is as clear, pure, and flexible as if its sentences had been subjected to repeated revision, and every pebble which obstructed its lucid and limpid flow had been laboriously removed. The characterization is almost perfect of its kind. Becky Sharp, the Marquis of Steyne, Sir Pitt Crawley and the whole Crawley family, Amelia, the Osbornes, Major Dobbin, not to mention others, are as well known to most cultivated people as their most intimate acquaintances in the Vanity Fair of the actual world. It has always seemed to us that Mr. Osborne, the father of George, a representation of the most hateful phase of English character, is one of the most vividly true and life-like of all the delineations in the book, and more of a typical personage than even Becky or the Marquis of Steyne. Thackeray's theory of characterization proceeds generally on the assumption that the acts of men and women are directed not by principle, but by instincts, selfish or amiable--that toleration of human weakness is possible only by lowering the standard of human capacity and obligation--and that the preliminary condition of an accurate knowledge of human character is distrust of ideals and repudiation of patterns. This view is narrow, and by no means covers all the facts of history and human life, but what relative truth it has is splendidly illustrated in Vanity Fair. There is not a person in the book who excites the reader's respect, and not one who fails to excite his interest. The morbid quickness of the author's perceptions of the selfish element, even in his few amiable characters, is a constant source of surprise. The novel not only has no hero, but implies the non-existence of heroism. Yet the fascination of the book is indisputable, and it is due to a variety of causes besides its mere exhibition of the worldly side of life.

A Teacher Is a Person Essay

A teacher is a person who has excellent teaching techniques, respects her students, makes them feel comfortable in the classroom, and be consistent. A teacher also gives special attention to all of her students and tries to make the material easy to understand. A teacher is also considerate, supportive and kind and who makes sure that she provides attention to the students personally. A teacher provides so many benefits to a child’s life, that it’s almost impossible to find ways in which a teacher can be a bad teacher. The most awful teacher is the one who deep down within does not care. A bad teacher is one who does not bond with the students at all. A teacher can be a bad teacher if, she comes unprepared to the class and does not even knows what to teach while students are waiting and hoping that they will learn something new. A teacher can also be a bad teacher if, she does not lectures the material efficiently and does not spend personal time with her students. A bad teacher is the one who makes the environment of the classroom so dull that some students are forced to drop their classes. Another example in which the teacher can be a bad teacher is if, the teacher does not come to the class because of her personal issues and does not even bother to inform the students or the faculty that she will not be able to come to the class that day. Furthermore, a teacher can be a bad teacher if she just parks herself behind the desk and does not even bother to explain the problem or the chapter. A bad teacher is the one who just gives absurdly difficult assignments without even telling the students that how those are done. In addition, a teacher can also be a bad teacher if she is always late to class and then gives false excuses. A bad teacher is also the one who is always discourteous to the students and has a bad attitude. Some students are very sensitive and rude behavior of the teacher might affect their school and personal life. A bad teacher is the one who does not care about the time and keeps all her students after class, neglecting the fact that it might affect their further plans. Another way a teacher can be a bad teacher is if he or she just lectures for the sake of money and has no idea that what the subject is about and does not even take pleasure in teaching. A bad teacher is the one who has complexity in solving questions and identifying a teaching moment, who does not have that eagerness for the subject and gets off subject very easily. A bad teacher is also the one who supports favoritism. Moreover, a teacher can also be a bad teacher if, the teacher teases and makes fun of the students. It takes a lot of deliberation and training time to be a good teacher. If a teacher is not prepared and takes everything for granted, it is not the teacher who is going be affected, but rather the students. When students have a bad teacher, they are not only unsuccessful to study or learn, but they also lose interest in school or in a particular subject. There are infinite ways for a teacher to be a bad teacher, but it is in the student’s hands to have the ability to change the situation by not being affected or seeking help outside of the classroom from someone efficient.

Production and operation management Essay

Part One: Multiple choices: 1. Production and Operations Management concerns itself with the conversion of: a. Outputs in to inputs b. Inputs in to outputs c. Outputs in to outputs d. None of the above 2. Continuous Production is a. The last operation to the finished product b. The first operation to the finished product c. The mid operation to the finished product d. None of the above 3. Independent demand is a. Demand that is controlled by the company b. Demand that is controlled by the customer c. Demand that is not controlled by the company d. All of the above 4. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been defined as a a. Complete Enterprise wide business solution b. Complete Enterprise narrow business solution c. a & b d. None of the above 5. CAD stands for a. Computer Architecture Design b. Computer Aided Design c. Computer Aided Drafting d. All of the above 6. Delphi method is the most widely used and accurate method of a. Demand forecasts b. Exponential forecasts 1 IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper of Production and Operations Management c. Technological forecasts d. All of the above 7. JIT/Kanban systems help eliminate a. Increase the number of products b. Increase the amount of raw materials c. Increase the amount of energy d. All of the above 8. PPSCS stands for a. Project Planning Scheduling & Control System b. Project Planning Sequencing & Control System c. Production Planning Scheduling & Control System d. None of the above 9. Process layout is also known as. a. Group layout b. Line layout c. Product layout d. Functional layout 10. Time study is a technique for recording the times and rate of  working a. Standard times b. Work measurement c. Allowances d. None of the above Part Two: 1. Define Job Shop Production. 2. What do you understand by „Quality Control‟? 3. What do you mean by materiel handling? 4. Define ABC analysis. END OF SECTION A Section B: Caselets (40 marks) This section consists of Caselets. Answer all the questions. Each Caselet carries 20 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 150 to 200 words). 2 IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper of Production and Operations Management Caselet 1 Company Background The Bronson Insurance Group was originally founded in 1900 in Auxvasse, Missouri, by James Bronson. The Bronson Group owns a variety of companies that underwrite personal and commercial insurance policies. Annual sales of the Bronson Group are $100 million. In recent years, the company has  suffered operating losses. In 1990, the company was heavily invested in computer hardware and software. One of the problems the Bronson Group faced (as well as many insurance companies) was a conflict between established manual procedures and the relatively recent (within the past 20 years) introduction of  computer equipment. This conflict was illustrated by the fact that much information was captured on computer but paper files were still kept for practical and legal reasons. File Clerks  The file department employed 20 file clerks who pulled files from stacks, refilled used files, and delivered files to various departments including commercial lines, personal lines, and claims. Once a file clerk received the file. Clerks delivered files to underwriters on an hourly basis throughout the day. The average file clerk was paid $8,300 per year. One special file clerk was used full time to search for requested files that another file clerk had not been able to find in the expected place. It was estimated that 40 percent of the requested files were these â€Å"no hit† files requiring a search. Often these â€Å"no hit† files were eventually found stacked in the requester‟s office. The primary â€Å"customers† of the file clerks were underwriters and claims attorneys. Underwriting Company management and operations analysts were consistently told that the greatest problem in the company was the inability of file clerks to supply files in a speedy fashion. The entire company from top to bottom viewed the productivity and effectiveness of the department as unacceptable. An underwriter used 20-50 files per day. Because of their distrust of the files department, underwriters tended to hoard often used files. A count by operations analysts found that each underwriter kept from 100-200 files in his or her office at any one time. An underwriter would request a file by computer and work on other business until the file was received. Benson employed 25 underwriters. Management Information System Upper management was deeply concerned about this problem. The MIS department  had suggested using video disks as a possible solution. A video disk system was found that would be sufficient for the companies needs at a cost of about $12 million. It was estimated that the system would take two years to install and make compatible with existing information systems. Another, less attractive was using microfilm. A microfilm system would require underwriters to go to a single keyboard to request paper copies of files. The cost of a microfilm system was $5 million. Questions: 1. What do you recommend? Should the company implement one of the new technologies, if yes, why? IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper of Production and Operations Management 2. An operations analyst suggested that company employees shared a â€Å"dump on the clerks† mentality. Explain. Caselet 2 Harrison T. Wenk III is 43, married, and has two children, ages 10 and 14. He has a master‟s degree in education and teachers junior high school music in a small town in Ohio. Harrison‟s father passed away two months ago, leaving his only child an unusual business opportunity. According to his father‟s will, Harrison has 12 months to become active in the family food-catering business, KareFull Katering, Inc., or it will be sold to two key employees for a reasonable and fair price. If Harrison becomes involved, the two employees have the option to purchase a significant, but less than majority, interest in the firm. Harrison‟s only involvement with this business, which his grandfather established, was as an hourly employee during high school and college summers. He is confident that he could learn and perhaps enjoy the marketing side of the business, and that he could retain the longtime head of accounting/finance. But he would never really enjoy day-to-day ope rations. In fact, he doesn‟t understand what operations management really involves. In 1991 Kare-Full Katering, Inc. had $3.75 million in sales in central Ohio. Net profit after taxes was $ 105,000, the eleventh consecutive  year of profitable operations and the seventeenth in the last 20 years. There are 210 employees in this labor-intense business. Institutional contracts account for over 70 percent of sales and include partial food services for three colleges, six commercial establishments) primarily manufacturing plants and banks), two long -term care facilities, and five grade schools. Some customer location employs a permanent operations manager; others are served from the main kitchens of Kare-Full Katering. Harrison believes that if he becomes active in the business, one of the two key employees, the vice president of operations, will leave the firm. Harrison has decided to complete the final two months of this school year and then spend the summer around Kare-Full Katering – as well as institutions with their own food services – to assess whether he wants to become involved in the business. He is particularly interested in finding out as much as possible about operations. Harrison believes he owes it to his wife and children to fairly evaluate this opportunity. Questions: 1. Prepare a worksheet of operations activities that Harrison should inquire about this summer. 2. If you were Harrison, what would you do? Why? END OF SECTION B Section C: Applied Theory (30 marks) This Section Consists of Applied Theory Questions. Answer all the questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Detailed information should form the part of your answer (Word limit 200 to 250 words). IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper of Production and Operations Management 1. What do you mean by Tactical Planning? What are the mathematical approaches to aggregate planning? 2. What is the concept of forecasting in operation? List the different types of forecasting methods.

cairo air pollution essays

cairo air pollution essays The path to the implementation of Law 4/1994, known as the Environment Law, is overworked with obstacles, but advancement is being made nonetheless. The need to regulate lead foundries and other polluting industries, cut down vehicle exhaust emissions often has environmentalists wondering which way to turn next. But the Ministry of Environment seems to be adopting a step by step approach that is producing concrete, but still finite, results. Cairo is one of the most important megacities in the whole world. Before defining Cairo as a megacity, we have to determine the definition of megacities as a whole. They are cities that have a great increase in population with the beginning of the year 2000. According to the most current United Nations estimates there are about 23 megacities, 18 of them are in developing countries. They are becoming more pivotal because they determine how we will live on this planet on that new century. This century is not the century of small areas. It is of huge cities, which have significant and complicated problems that have to be resolved by constructing well-planned projects. Cairo has many crucial problems, consequently; it has to be considered as a megacity. Overpopulation, traffic problems and all kind of pollution are notable problems in Cairo. In my point of view, air pollution is a very weighty problem that is capable of defining Cairo as a megacity. It is the air dust in the throat, black clouds of cars and bus exhaust, and some days a gray haze hangs over this swelling metropolis, which make up the problem. "The biggest hazard facing Egypt today is air pollution," Salah Hafez said, executive director of the Official Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). According to a report released last September by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), an estimated sixteen thousands deaths can be attributed to dust and particles in Cairo's air. Moreover, lead in Cairo's air...

Elasticity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Elasticity - Essay Example An equilibrium point of quantity is obtained when the two demand curves are drawn on a single graph. The inelastic demand for the veteran smoker clearly conforms to demand rule; when the price for cigarettes goes up, demand falls and vice versa. (See fig (3) on scanned document) The government always increases the value added tax on cigarettes in order to reduce demand and also contain incidence of increased lung cancer due to smoking. Looking at fig (4) where the current equilibrium price is at three dollars and the quantity demanded is. When the price increases to six dollars, the supply curve  shifts upwards and moves to left to create a new supply curve. This shift and movement show how the markets, specifically suppliers, are reacting to the positive change in price. The quantity demanded by the veteran smoker and the new smoker proportionately reduces. (See fig (5)). The consumer that evidently changes there smoking behavior drastically is the new smoker. As per figure five, when the price rises to six dollars, the shift in supply curve form  to causes the quantity of cigarettes demanded by the veteran smoker to reduce from  as the supply curve moves upwards along the  curve. On the other hand for the new smoker, the shift in supply curve form  to causes the quantity of cigarettes demanded to reduce from. Since, , it is justifiable to say that the new smoker reduces his or a rate of consumption as a result of increase in cigarette price. One can also say due to the fact that the veteran smoker is used to smoking a given number of cigarette packs, changing his or her norm due to price changes will considerably be negligible. The burden of increased price, in most cases is transferred to the consumer in form of value added tax. Increased tax, will usually lead to increase in the cost of raw materials and in turn the producers and suppliers will want to transfer this cost to consumers in form of value added

Health Sector Service Management Research Paper

Health Sector Service Management - Research Paper Example The research paper â€Å"Health Sector Service Management† discusses various aspects that include a brief overview of wait times of the patients relating with health sector, causes along with their consequences. It is worth mentioning that in order to gain an in-depth knowledge about the prevalence of wait times across the health segment, a cross-examination of two hospitals namely Tawam and Al Ain is considered. One of the critical challenges faced by the healthcare organizations in recent times relating to wait times of the patients is patient satisfaction. Thus, certain challenges and solutions to mitigate these challenges are also depicted in this research paper. In healthcare sector, waiting time is fundamentally regarded as the duration of time that passes particularly between receiving ‘Recommendation for Admission’ form by a hospital and the specific day of the admission of patient in the hospital. In general, waiting time associated with healthcare segmen t is viewed to be a time period between when a specific activity is mandated or requested and its happening. It has been apparently observed in this similar circumstance that if the aforementioned form is arrived at a certain delayed time at the hospital, the waiting time would generally appear quite shorter. Besides, waiting time in healthcare sector is also described as the total time taken by a patient starting from the registration till the consultation with the doctor. There generally exist two sorts of waiting time in this similar circumstance.... There generally exist two sorts of waiting time in this similar circumstance. One type of waiting time is viewed to be the time taken by a patient for making consultation with the doctor and the time taken for obtaining any medicine. The other type is the time taken by a patient particularly in registration is also regarded as one of the components of waiting time of a patient (Abdullah, 2005). The significant concern of waiting time can be related with triaging of patients. In this similar concern, the term â€Å"triage† is fundamentally regarded as a procedure that was initially executed especially by the militaries for the purpose of sorting their soldiers effectually who were wounded in any battle. Generally, ‘triage’is viewed to be the sole method through which healthcare professionals act proficiently towards categorizing the urgency of the medical requirements of the patients resulting in the deliverance of proper, secure and quality medical care to the pat ients. By taking into concern this particular approach of triage, it has been viewed that the prime intention of this process is to make sure that every patient is appropriately as well as timely treated at the time of their any clinical urgency. However, different healthcare organizations have been witnessed to face critical issues concerning waiting time that needs to be mitigated largely in order to support the patients by offering secure and quality medical care to them (Rambaran, 2009). In this research paper, a detailed investigation about a current management of service quality issue or problem faced by an organization today will be taken into concern. In this